Mount Sinai’s Albert A. Epstein, MD, describes idiopathic nephritic syndrome (Epstein’s syndrome), the cause of swelling in Bright’s disease.

Moses Swick, MD, is awarded an American Medical Association gold medal, Class I, for the development of a substance to make kidney disorders visible in X-rays (intravenous pyelogram).

Arthur Fishberg, Chief of the Department of Medicine at Beth Israel Hospital (later Mount Sinai Beth Israel) and on Mount Sinai’s staff as well, engineers the Fishberg renal concentration test, a test of renal water concentration.

Mount Sinai performs the first kidney dialysis in the United States, using a Kolff artificial kidney.

Mount Sinai develops a portable kidney dialysis machine.

Mount Sinai opens the first hemodialysis unit in the country.

A renal fellowship is established by Mount Sinai’s Nephrology Division Chief Marvin Levitt, MD. Daniel Hauser, MD, serves as the first fellow; Marvin Goldstein, MD, serves as the second fellow.

Under the leadership of Lewis Burrows, MD, the first kidney transplant at Mount Sinai is performed on Anna Diaz, 14.

Mount Sinai averages one kidney transplant per month. Plans are made to begin liver transplants in 1970.

The Robert Wood Johnson Jr. Renal Transplant Center opens in New Brunswick, New Jersey. In partnership with Mount Sinai, the unit provides facilities for hemodialysis, kidney transplant patients, and other kidney disorders.

Under the aegis of Juan Bosch, MD, Professor of Medicine, the Home Dialysis Program starts at Mount Sinai.

Mount Sinai performs its first kidney/pancreas transplant.

To consolidate liver transplant and kidney/liver transplant, the Division of Abdominal Organ Transplantation is created within the Department of Surgery. Charles M. Miller, MD, and Lewis Burrows, MD, respectively, serve as Director and Deputy Director.

Michael B. Edye, MD, performs the first laparoscopic kidney donation at Mount Sinai.

Sir Roy Calne, MBBS, arrives as the inaugural speaker of the first visiting lectureship of the Chasanoff Family/Lewis Burrows, MD, in Kidney Transplantation.

Mount Sinai, along with the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, determines that HIV-associated neuropathy is caused by HIV-1 infection of kidney epithelial cells, a discovery that eventually establishes antiretroviral treatment as standard practice for HIV patients in renal failure.

Mount Sinai performs its first kidney transplant in a patient with HIV.

Mount Sinai receives a $6.8 million grant to explore the biology of kidney function.

Cijiang He, MD, PhD, published a paper in Nature Medicine describing the role of HIPK2 in renal fibrosis.

John Cijiang He, MD, PhD, becomes Chief of the Division of Nephrology.

Mount Sinai partners with The Institute of Family Medicine to launch a first-ever genetic testing program that identifies the risk of kidney disease in patients with hypertension in a primary care setting. The initiative receives funding through a $3.7 million grant from the National Human Genome Research Institute of the National Institutes of Health.

Barbara T. Murphy, MD, publishes a landmark paper in the Journal of Clinical Investigation describing outcomes of kidney transplant rejection in HIV-infected recipients.

A ribbon cutting ceremony is held for the opening of Mount Sinai Kidney Center at the East River Plaza shopping mall, the only hospital-operated outpatient dialysis program in Manhattan.

With 90 patients, Mount Sinai’s Division of Nephrology becomes the largest peritoneal dialysis program in New York City.

Mount Sinai becomes the first hospital in New York State to perform a kidney transplant in a patient with HIV from another patient with HIV.

To improve kidney disease detection, management, and treatment for patients with diabetes and other at-risk populations, Mount Sinai partners with a startup company to commercialize artificial intelligence solutions. Under an exclusive multi-year collaboration agreement, Mount Sinai and RenalytixAI anticipate their first product launch in 2019.

Girish Nadkarni, MD, MPH, and Steven Coca, DO, MS, invent an artificial intelligence-based prognostic scoring system (Kidney Track) designed to identify patients at high risk for developing progressive kidney disease.

The Mount Sinai Hospital announces the opening of a Transplant ICU on GP6 Center. With 12 critical care beds, the unit delivers intensive care for living donors, complex hepatobiliary cases and pre- and post-liver, kidney/pancreas, and intestinal transplant patients.

RenalytixAI announces it has been granted Breakthrough Device designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for its lead diagnostic (KidneyIntelX). Developed at Mount Sinai, it is the first such designation for an AI-enabled diagnostic for kidney disease publicly announced by any U.S. company.

The Division of Nephrology expands kidney disease services to Westchester, New York, with sessions at Mount Sinai Doctors-Pelham.

A new medicine subspecialty practice opens on the sixth floor of the Mount Sinai Morningside Ambulatory Care Center, integrating providers from multiple locations into a multidisciplinary practice.

The Division of Nephrology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai is renamed the Dr. Barbara T. Murphy Division of Nephrology in honor of Barbara T. Murphy, MD, MB, BAO, BCh, FRCPI. As a world-renowned nephrologist and researcher, Dr. Murphy was the first female chair of a department of medicine at an academic medical center in New York City.

The new Mount Sinai-Harlem Health Center opens as a multispecialty practice offering primary care in Nephrology, Cardiology, Gastroenterology, Ophthalmology, Podiatry, and Orthopedics.

Mount Sinai Kidney Center, located at East River Plaza, earns a five-star quality rating by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Based on key quality indicators, such as the ability to prevent unnecessary transfusions and hospital admissions, this quality rating reflects how well a facility delivers care in comparison to the national average.